They always have your IP and other data that you have to send. I suspect that like the SERPs in general, personalization has a lot of signals and you can't escape all of them.
I would be interested in their methodology, which isn't spelled out. Specifically, I would be curious about is whether I get results that seem personalized to me when I search through anonymous proxy from different geos and compared that to your results done for the same searches through the same proxies from the same geos.
That would conclusive. They may have done that, but the article doesn't say.
Of course, that is just my tech nerd amateur detective speaking. It's ultimately irrelevant if it's *possible* to avoid the filter bubble only by taking steps that the average searcher wouldn't have a clue how to take.