It's not the golfing, it's apparently the paraquat or other herbicides
Same findings in ag areas, e.g. California's Central Valley
https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/2833716
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38309714/
https://www.nytimes.com/2025/09/08/opinion/parkinsons-pesticides-chemicals.html
QuoteWhat we can do is weigh the many observational studies linking pesticide exposure and Parkinson's, add in the experiments showing that very high doses of paraquat produce Parkinson's-like features in lab mice, and also consider the evidence of a dose-response relationship in which higher exposures seem linked to more cases of Parkinson's. This accumulated evidence is sobering
Fascinating study.
My grandfather suffered with Parkinsons in his last years. A keen golfer before Parkinsons took a firm hold.
It warms the heart seeing science connect the dots in this way.
Sorry to hear that. I hope that more research in these areas and, the harder part especially in these times, actual action will save others from that.